Follicular Steroidogenesis and Recruitment

During the follicular phase, progesterone from the granulosa cells is transported into the theca cells to be converted into androgens by CYP17A1. The androgens are then returned to the granulosa cells to be converted to estrogens by CYP19A1. Increasing local estrogen biosynthesis in the ovary contributes to the cyclical recruitment of the dominant follicle for ovulation. Meanwhile, smaller follicles (which produce less estradiol) undergo waves of atresia.

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