Macrophage Subtypes in Atherosclerosis

This template was adapted from the original submission. Edits were made to enhance scientific accuracy, optimal usability and/or to meet industry-leading design standards for science communication. Monocytes are differentiated to M0 macrophages via monocyte colony stimulating factor (MCSF). Depending on the tissue microenvironment the M0 macrophage is then polarized to a particular subtype. The primary subtypes are pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. In addition, multiple other subtypes have been identified including; M(Hb), Mhem, Mox and M4. All of these subtypes produce various chemokines and cytokines and have different functions within the atherosclerotic plaque.

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