NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

This template shows the two-step process of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, with priming through TNF, PAMP, and IL-1beta receptor signaling driving NF-kB dependent transcription of NLRP3 and pro-IL18/pro-IL1beta, followed by activation triggered by viral RNA, pore-forming toxins, ATP, and particulates that cause potassium efflux, calcium flux, and mitochondrial ROS. These converge on oligomerization of NLRP3 with ASC, caspase-1, and NEK7 to form the inflammasome, which cleaves pro-IL18/pro-IL1beta into active cytokines and GSDMD into N-GSDMD, driving inflammatory cytokine release and pyroptosis.

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