The Tumor Microenvironment: Overview of Cancer-Associated Changes

This template was adapted from the original submission. Edits were made to enhance scientific accuracy, optimal usability and/or to meet industry-leading design standards for science communication. The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in cancer-associated changes. Fibroblast recruitment and activation contribute to the formation of a supportive stroma. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) enables cancer cell invasion and migration. Angiogenesis ensures Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nutrient, and oxygen supply to the growing tumor. Immune evasion, driven by cytokine signaling, enables tumor cells to escape the host's immune response. Collectively, these factors promote cancer progression and metastasis, highlighting the importance of targeting the tumor microenvironment in cancer therapy. [Adapted from GPT4, 2023]

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