Biochemistry of caries

Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that arises from an imbalance in the oral microbiota's ecology, where factors such as a hypercaloric diet and poor dietary habits play a critical role. Frequent consumption of simple sugars and fermentable carbohydrates promotes the growth of acidogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp., which metabolize these substrates through fermentation, producing organic acids, primarily lactic acid.

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