Small-molecule inhibitors target key receptors and kinases to disrupt signaling pathways and block tumor progression. Monoclonal antibodies recognize and bind specific antigens on tumor cell surface, leading to immune-mediated destruction. Immune checkpoint inhibitors enhance T-cell activity by blocking inhibitory immune signals, restoring the immune system’s ability to recognize and eliminate tumor cells. Radioimmunotherapy combines monoclonal antibodies with radionuclides to selectively deliver cytotoxic radiation to tumor cells, increasing treatment precision while minimizing damage to normal tissues.
